INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT (ORGANIZING)

ORGANIZING

Organizing  is the establishment of effective authority relationships among selected work, persons and work places in order for the group to work together efficiently.The process of dividing work into sections and departments.The organizing of information could be seen since humans began to write. Prior to that, history was passed down only through song and word. As can be seen with religion, books and spoken word, science organizing not only is history, but also supports the communication of history.

SOURCE:GOOGLE IMAGE

PLANS FOR ORGANIZATION

• Identifying and grouping of the work to be performed.
• Defining and determining responsibility and authority for each job position.
• Establishing relationship among various job positions.
• Determining detailed rules and regulations of working for individuals and groups in organization.

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The important factors which are to be taken into consideration in the process of designing of the organizational structure.

• Environment – The environment is relevant for behaviour and the organization structure. The most important characteristics of environment that determine organization structure are complexity, stability , and uncertainty.

• Technology – It enables transformation of organizational inputs into outputs and it is an important determinant of the internal efficiency of the organization. Technology includes technical equipment for manufacturing, knowledge and ability for using the equipment, and working activity necessary for the transformation process.

• Strategy – Starting from its internal potentials, chances and threats of environment, the organization designs its strategy for the realization of the objectives. This strategy requires a certain organization structure as the frame. 

• Size – Connection between the size of the organization and its organizational structure is very easy to notice.

SOURCE:GOOGLE IMAGE

Process of organizing
Organizing, like planning, is a process which is to be carefully worked out and applied. The process of organizing consists of the following five steps:

• Identification of activities – Each organization exists for fulfilling a specific purpose. This purpose identifies the activities which are performed by the organization. 

• Grouping of activities – Once the activities have been identified, then there is a necessity that they are grouped. The activities are grouped in various ways. The activities which are similar in nature can be grouped as one and a separate department can be created.

• Assignment of responsibilities – Having completed the exercise of identifying, grouping and classifying of all activities into specific jobs, the individual employees comes into picture since the employees are to be assign with the responsibilities to take care of activities related to the specific jobs.

• Granting authority – On the basis of specific responsibilities given to individual employees, they are to be provided with the necessary authority for the discharge of the assigned responsibilities in order to ensure their effective performance of the organization.

• Establishing relationship – This is a very important part of the organizing function since each employee in the organization is to know as to whom to report and which are the employee who are to work with him.This structure of relationships also facilitates the delegation.

SOURCE:GOOGLE IMAGE

ORGANIZING PRINCIPLES

• Principle of specialization – According to the principle, the entire work of the organization is to be shared among the subordinates based on their qualifications, abilities and skills.

• Principle of functional definition – The principle states that all the work in the organization is to be fully and clearly described to the managers and subordinates.

• Principles of supervision or span of control – The principle states that the span of control shows the number of employees that a single manager can handle and control efficiently.

• Principle of scalar chain – It is that chain of command or authorization in which there is minimum wastage of resources, communication is unaffected, overlapping of work is prevented, and this facilitates effective organization.

• Principle of unity of command – As per this principle, one subordinate is accountable to only one superior at one time. This helps in preventing lack of communication and feedback and also brings about quick response.

SOURCE:GOOGLE IMAGE

ADVANTAGES OF ORGANIZING

1. Increase In Managerial Efficiency: A good and balanced organization helps the managers to increase their efficiency
2. Proper Utilization of Resources: Through the medium of organization optimum utilization of all the available human and material resources of an enterprise becomes possible.
3. Sound Communication Possible: Communication is essential for taking the right decision at the right time. However, the establishment of a good communication system is possible only through an organization.
4. Facilitates Coordination: In order to attain successfully the objectives of the organization, coordination among various activities in the organization is essential. Organization is the only medium which makes coordination possible.
5. Increase in Specialization: Under organization the whole work is divided into different parts. Competent persons are appointed to handle all the sub-works and by handling a particular work repeatedly they become specialists.

SOURCE:GOOGLE IMAGE